CVE-2024-3596
freeradius: forgery attack
Severity by source
Trivy's own label is CRITICAL. Rated critical by NVD, Photon OS. Rated lower by Red Hat (high), AlmaLinux (high), Amazon (high), Oracle (high), Rocky Linux (high), Ubuntu (medium).
Description
RADIUS Protocol under RFC 2865 is susceptible to forgery attacks by a local attacker who can modify any valid Response (Access-Accept, Access-Reject, or Access-Challenge) to any other response using a chosen-prefix collision attack against MD5 Response Authenticator signature.
Affected packages and fixed versions
| Source | Package | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|
| Photon OS 4.0 | krb5, krb5-devel, krb5-lang | 1.17-14.ph4 |
| Photon OS 5.0 | krb5, krb5-devel, krb5-doc and 1 more | 1.20.2-7.ph5 |
| alma 8 | freeradius:3.0::freeradius, freeradius:3.0::freeradius-devel, freeradius:3.0::freeradius-doc and 17 more | 3.0.20-15.module_el8.10.0+3873+5b7fed0f and 1 more |
| alma 9 | freeradius, freeradius-devel, freeradius-doc and 17 more | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 and 1 more |
| alpine 3.18 | freeradius | 3.0.27-r0 |
| alpine 3.19 | freeradius | 3.0.27-r0 |
| alpine 3.20 | freeradius | 3.0.27-r0 |
| alpine 3.21 | freeradius | 3.0.27-r0 |
| alpine 3.22 | freeradius | 3.0.27-r0 |
| alpine 3.23 | freeradius | 3.0.27-r0 |
| alpine 3.24 | freeradius | 3.0.27-r0 |
| alpine edge | freeradius | 3.0.27-r0 |
Show all 224 entries from 47 sources
| Source | Package | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|
| Photon OS 4.0 | krb5 | 1.17-14.ph4 |
| Photon OS 4.0 | krb5-devel | 1.17-14.ph4 |
| Photon OS 4.0 | krb5-lang | 1.17-14.ph4 |
| Photon OS 5.0 | krb5 | 1.20.2-7.ph5 |
| Photon OS 5.0 | krb5-devel | 1.20.2-7.ph5 |
| Photon OS 5.0 | krb5-doc | 1.20.2-7.ph5 |
| Photon OS 5.0 | krb5-lang | 1.20.2-7.ph5 |
| alma 8 | freeradius:3.0::freeradius | 3.0.20-15.module_el8.10.0+3873+5b7fed0f |
| alma 8 | freeradius:3.0::freeradius-devel | 3.0.20-15.module_el8.10.0+3873+5b7fed0f |
| alma 8 | freeradius:3.0::freeradius-doc | 3.0.20-15.module_el8.10.0+3873+5b7fed0f |
| alma 8 | freeradius:3.0::freeradius-krb5 | 3.0.20-15.module_el8.10.0+3873+5b7fed0f |
| alma 8 | freeradius:3.0::freeradius-ldap | 3.0.20-15.module_el8.10.0+3873+5b7fed0f |
| alma 8 | freeradius:3.0::freeradius-mysql | 3.0.20-15.module_el8.10.0+3873+5b7fed0f |
| alma 8 | freeradius:3.0::freeradius-perl | 3.0.20-15.module_el8.10.0+3873+5b7fed0f |
| alma 8 | freeradius:3.0::freeradius-postgresql | 3.0.20-15.module_el8.10.0+3873+5b7fed0f |
| alma 8 | freeradius:3.0::freeradius-rest | 3.0.20-15.module_el8.10.0+3873+5b7fed0f |
| alma 8 | freeradius:3.0::freeradius-sqlite | 3.0.20-15.module_el8.10.0+3873+5b7fed0f |
| alma 8 | freeradius:3.0::freeradius-unixODBC | 3.0.20-15.module_el8.10.0+3873+5b7fed0f |
| alma 8 | freeradius:3.0::freeradius-utils | 3.0.20-15.module_el8.10.0+3873+5b7fed0f |
| alma 8 | freeradius:3.0::python3-freeradius | 3.0.20-15.module_el8.10.0+3873+5b7fed0f |
| alma 8 | krb5-devel | 1.18.2-30.el8_10 |
| alma 8 | krb5-libs | 1.18.2-30.el8_10 |
| alma 8 | krb5-pkinit | 1.18.2-30.el8_10 |
| alma 8 | krb5-server | 1.18.2-30.el8_10 |
| alma 8 | krb5-server-ldap | 1.18.2-30.el8_10 |
| alma 8 | krb5-workstation | 1.18.2-30.el8_10 |
| alma 8 | libkadm5 | 1.18.2-30.el8_10 |
| alma 9 | freeradius | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| alma 9 | freeradius-devel | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| alma 9 | freeradius-doc | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| alma 9 | freeradius-krb5 | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| alma 9 | freeradius-ldap | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| alma 9 | freeradius-mysql | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| alma 9 | freeradius-perl | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| alma 9 | freeradius-postgresql | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| alma 9 | freeradius-rest | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| alma 9 | freeradius-sqlite | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| alma 9 | freeradius-unixODBC | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| alma 9 | freeradius-utils | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| alma 9 | krb5-devel | 1.21.1-4.el9_5 |
| alma 9 | krb5-libs | 1.21.1-4.el9_5 |
| alma 9 | krb5-pkinit | 1.21.1-4.el9_5 |
| alma 9 | krb5-server | 1.21.1-4.el9_5 |
| alma 9 | krb5-server-ldap | 1.21.1-4.el9_5 |
| alma 9 | krb5-workstation | 1.21.1-4.el9_5 |
| alma 9 | libkadm5 | 1.21.1-4.el9_5 |
| alma 9 | python3-freeradius | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| alpine 3.18 | freeradius | 3.0.27-r0 |
| alpine 3.19 | freeradius | 3.0.27-r0 |
| alpine 3.20 | freeradius | 3.0.27-r0 |
| alpine 3.21 | freeradius | 3.0.27-r0 |
| alpine 3.22 | freeradius | 3.0.27-r0 |
| alpine 3.23 | freeradius | 3.0.27-r0 |
| alpine 3.24 | freeradius | 3.0.27-r0 |
| alpine edge | freeradius | 3.0.27-r0 |
| amazon linux 2 | freeradius | 3.0.27-1.amzn2.0.1 |
| amazon linux 2 | freeradius-debuginfo | 3.0.27-1.amzn2.0.1 |
| amazon linux 2 | freeradius-devel | 3.0.27-1.amzn2.0.1 |
| amazon linux 2 | freeradius-doc | 3.0.27-1.amzn2.0.1 |
| amazon linux 2 | freeradius-krb5 | 3.0.27-1.amzn2.0.1 |
| amazon linux 2 | freeradius-ldap | 3.0.27-1.amzn2.0.1 |
| amazon linux 2 | freeradius-mysql | 3.0.27-1.amzn2.0.1 |
| amazon linux 2 | freeradius-perl | 3.0.27-1.amzn2.0.1 |
| amazon linux 2 | freeradius-postgresql | 3.0.27-1.amzn2.0.1 |
| amazon linux 2 | freeradius-python | 3.0.27-1.amzn2.0.1 |
| amazon linux 2 | freeradius-sqlite | 3.0.27-1.amzn2.0.1 |
| amazon linux 2 | freeradius-unixODBC | 3.0.27-1.amzn2.0.1 |
| amazon linux 2 | freeradius-utils | 3.0.27-1.amzn2.0.1 |
| debian 11 | freeradius | no fix listed |
| debian 12 | freeradius | no fix listed |
| debian 13 | freeradius | 3.2.5+dfsg-1 |
| debian 14 | freeradius | 3.2.5+dfsg-1 |
| echo | freeradius | 3.2.5+dfsg-1 |
| Oracle Linux 7 | freeradius | 3.0.13-15.0.1.el7 |
| Oracle Linux 7 | freeradius-devel | 3.0.13-15.0.1.el7 |
| Oracle Linux 7 | freeradius-doc | 3.0.13-15.0.1.el7 |
| Oracle Linux 7 | freeradius-krb5 | 3.0.13-15.0.1.el7 |
| Oracle Linux 7 | freeradius-ldap | 3.0.13-15.0.1.el7 |
| Oracle Linux 7 | freeradius-mysql | 3.0.13-15.0.1.el7 |
| Oracle Linux 7 | freeradius-perl | 3.0.13-15.0.1.el7 |
| Oracle Linux 7 | freeradius-postgresql | 3.0.13-15.0.1.el7 |
| Oracle Linux 7 | freeradius-python | 3.0.13-15.0.1.el7 |
| Oracle Linux 7 | freeradius-sqlite | 3.0.13-15.0.1.el7 |
| Oracle Linux 7 | freeradius-unixODBC | 3.0.13-15.0.1.el7 |
| Oracle Linux 7 | freeradius-utils | 3.0.13-15.0.1.el7 |
| Oracle Linux 7 | krb5-devel | 1.15.1-55.0.7.el7_9 |
| Oracle Linux 7 | krb5-libs | 1.15.1-55.0.7.el7_9 |
| Oracle Linux 7 | krb5-pkinit | 1.15.1-55.0.7.el7_9 |
| Oracle Linux 7 | krb5-server | 1.15.1-55.0.7.el7_9 |
| Oracle Linux 7 | krb5-server-ldap | 1.15.1-55.0.7.el7_9 |
| Oracle Linux 7 | krb5-workstation | 1.15.1-55.0.7.el7_9 |
| Oracle Linux 7 | libkadm5 | 1.15.1-55.0.7.el7_9 |
| Oracle Linux 8 | freeradius | 3.0.20-15.module+el8.10.0+90375+641abe33 |
| Oracle Linux 8 | freeradius-devel | 3.0.20-15.module+el8.10.0+90375+641abe33 |
| Oracle Linux 8 | freeradius-doc | 3.0.20-15.module+el8.10.0+90375+641abe33 |
| Oracle Linux 8 | freeradius-krb5 | 3.0.20-15.module+el8.10.0+90375+641abe33 |
| Oracle Linux 8 | freeradius-ldap | 3.0.20-15.module+el8.10.0+90375+641abe33 |
| Oracle Linux 8 | freeradius-mysql | 3.0.20-15.module+el8.10.0+90375+641abe33 |
| Oracle Linux 8 | freeradius-perl | 3.0.20-15.module+el8.10.0+90375+641abe33 |
| Oracle Linux 8 | freeradius-postgresql | 3.0.20-15.module+el8.10.0+90375+641abe33 |
| Oracle Linux 8 | freeradius-rest | 3.0.20-15.module+el8.10.0+90375+641abe33 |
| Oracle Linux 8 | freeradius-sqlite | 3.0.20-15.module+el8.10.0+90375+641abe33 |
| Oracle Linux 8 | freeradius-unixODBC | 3.0.20-15.module+el8.10.0+90375+641abe33 |
| Oracle Linux 8 | freeradius-utils | 3.0.20-15.module+el8.10.0+90375+641abe33 |
| Oracle Linux 8 | krb5-devel | 1.18.2-30.0.1.el8_10 |
| Oracle Linux 8 | krb5-libs | 1.18.2-30.0.1.el8_10 |
| Oracle Linux 8 | krb5-pkinit | 1.18.2-30.0.1.el8_10 |
| Oracle Linux 8 | krb5-server | 1.18.2-30.0.1.el8_10 |
| Oracle Linux 8 | krb5-server-ldap | 1.18.2-30.0.1.el8_10 |
| Oracle Linux 8 | krb5-workstation | 1.18.2-30.0.1.el8_10 |
| Oracle Linux 8 | libkadm5 | 1.18.2-30.0.1.el8_10 |
| Oracle Linux 8 | python3-freeradius | 3.0.20-15.module+el8.10.0+90375+641abe33 |
| Oracle Linux 9 | freeradius | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| Oracle Linux 9 | freeradius-devel | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| Oracle Linux 9 | freeradius-doc | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| Oracle Linux 9 | freeradius-krb5 | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| Oracle Linux 9 | freeradius-ldap | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| Oracle Linux 9 | freeradius-mysql | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| Oracle Linux 9 | freeradius-perl | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| Oracle Linux 9 | freeradius-postgresql | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| Oracle Linux 9 | freeradius-rest | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| Oracle Linux 9 | freeradius-sqlite | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| Oracle Linux 9 | freeradius-unixODBC | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| Oracle Linux 9 | freeradius-utils | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| Oracle Linux 9 | krb5-devel | 1.21.1-4.0.1.el9_5 |
| Oracle Linux 9 | krb5-libs | 1.21.1-4.0.1.el9_5 |
| Oracle Linux 9 | krb5-pkinit | 1.21.1-4.0.1.el9_5 |
| Oracle Linux 9 | krb5-server | 1.21.1-4.0.1.el9_5 |
| Oracle Linux 9 | krb5-server-ldap | 1.21.1-4.0.1.el9_5 |
| Oracle Linux 9 | krb5-workstation | 1.21.1-4.0.1.el9_5 |
| Oracle Linux 9 | libkadm5 | 1.21.1-4.0.1.el9_5 |
| Oracle Linux 9 | python3-freeradius | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| rapidfort alpine 3.20 | freeradius | 3.0.27-r0 |
| rapidfort alpine 3.22 | freeradius | 3.0.27-r0 |
| rapidfort alpine 3.23 | freeradius | 3.0.27-r0 |
| rapidfort alpine 3.24 | freeradius | 3.0.27-r0 |
| rapidfort debian 12 | freeradius | 0:3.2.5+dfsg-1 |
| rapidfort debian 13 | freeradius | 0:3.2.5+dfsg-1 |
| rapidfort Oracle Linux 9 | freeradius | 0:3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| rapidfort Oracle Linux 9 | freeradius-devel | 0:3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| rapidfort Oracle Linux 9 | freeradius-doc | 0:3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| rapidfort Oracle Linux 9 | freeradius-krb5 | 0:3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| rapidfort Oracle Linux 9 | freeradius-ldap | 0:3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| rapidfort Oracle Linux 9 | freeradius-utils | 0:3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| rapidfort Oracle Linux 9 | krb5-devel | 0:1.21.1-4.0.1.el9_5 |
| rapidfort Oracle Linux 9 | krb5-libs | 0:1.21.1-4.0.1.el9_5 |
| rapidfort Oracle Linux 9 | krb5-pkinit | 0:1.21.1-4.0.1.el9_5 |
| rapidfort Oracle Linux 9 | krb5-server | 0:1.21.1-4.0.1.el9_5 |
| rapidfort Oracle Linux 9 | krb5-server-ldap | 0:1.21.1-4.0.1.el9_5 |
| rapidfort Oracle Linux 9 | krb5-workstation | 0:1.21.1-4.0.1.el9_5 |
| rapidfort Oracle Linux 9 | libkadm5 | 0:1.21.1-4.0.1.el9_5 |
| rapidfort Oracle Linux 9 | python3-freeradius | 0:3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| rapidfort ubuntu | krb5 | no fix listed |
| rapidfort ubuntu | rf-krb5 | no fix listed |
| rapidfort ubuntu 20.04 | freeradius | 0:3.0.26~dfsg~git20220223.1.00ed0241fa-0ubuntu3.3, 0:3.2.5+dfsg-3~ubuntu24.04.1 |
| rapidfort ubuntu 20.04 | krb5 | 0:1.20.1-6ubuntu2.3 |
| rapidfort ubuntu 20.04 | rf-krb5 | 0:1.20.1-6ubuntu2.3, 0:1.21.3-3ubuntu0.1 |
| rapidfort ubuntu 22.04 | freeradius | 0:3.0.26~dfsg~git20220223.1.00ed0241fa-0ubuntu3.3, 0:3.2.5+dfsg-3~ubuntu24.04.1 |
| rapidfort ubuntu 22.04 | krb5 | 0:1.20.1-6ubuntu2.3 |
| rapidfort ubuntu 22.04 | rf-krb5 | 0:1.20.1-6ubuntu2.3, 0:1.21.3-3ubuntu0.1 |
| rapidfort ubuntu 24.04 | freeradius | 0:3.0.26~dfsg~git20220223.1.00ed0241fa-0ubuntu3.3, 0:3.2.5+dfsg-3~ubuntu24.04.1 |
| rapidfort ubuntu 24.04 | krb5 | 0:1.20.1-6ubuntu2.3 |
| rapidfort ubuntu 24.04 | rf-krb5 | 0:1.20.1-6ubuntu2.3, 0:1.21.3-3ubuntu0.1 |
| Red Hat | freeradius | no fix listed |
| Red Hat | freeradius-krb5 | no fix listed |
| Red Hat | freeradius-ldap | no fix listed |
| Red Hat | freeradius-mysql | no fix listed |
| Red Hat | freeradius-perl | no fix listed |
| Red Hat | freeradius-postgresql | no fix listed |
| Red Hat | freeradius-python | no fix listed |
| Red Hat | freeradius-unixODBC | no fix listed |
| Red Hat | freeradius-utils | no fix listed |
| rocky 8 | freeradius:3.0::freeradius | 3.0.20-15.module+el8.10.0+1841+f214069a |
| rocky 8 | freeradius:3.0::freeradius-devel | 3.0.20-15.module+el8.10.0+1841+f214069a |
| rocky 8 | freeradius:3.0::freeradius-doc | 3.0.20-15.module+el8.10.0+1841+f214069a |
| rocky 8 | freeradius:3.0::freeradius-krb5 | 3.0.20-15.module+el8.10.0+1841+f214069a |
| rocky 8 | freeradius:3.0::freeradius-ldap | 3.0.20-15.module+el8.10.0+1841+f214069a |
| rocky 8 | freeradius:3.0::freeradius-mysql | 3.0.20-15.module+el8.10.0+1841+f214069a |
| rocky 8 | freeradius:3.0::freeradius-perl | 3.0.20-15.module+el8.10.0+1841+f214069a |
| rocky 8 | freeradius:3.0::freeradius-postgresql | 3.0.20-15.module+el8.10.0+1841+f214069a |
| rocky 8 | freeradius:3.0::freeradius-rest | 3.0.20-15.module+el8.10.0+1841+f214069a |
| rocky 8 | freeradius:3.0::freeradius-sqlite | 3.0.20-15.module+el8.10.0+1841+f214069a |
| rocky 8 | freeradius:3.0::freeradius-unixODBC | 3.0.20-15.module+el8.10.0+1841+f214069a |
| rocky 8 | freeradius:3.0::freeradius-utils | 3.0.20-15.module+el8.10.0+1841+f214069a |
| rocky 8 | freeradius:3.0::python3-freeradius | 3.0.20-15.module+el8.10.0+1841+f214069a |
| rocky 8 | krb5-devel | 1.18.2-30.el8_10 |
| rocky 8 | krb5-libs | 1.18.2-30.el8_10 |
| rocky 8 | krb5-pkinit | 1.18.2-30.el8_10 |
| rocky 8 | krb5-server | 1.18.2-30.el8_10 |
| rocky 8 | krb5-server-ldap | 1.18.2-30.el8_10 |
| rocky 8 | krb5-workstation | 1.18.2-30.el8_10 |
| rocky 8 | libkadm5 | 1.18.2-30.el8_10 |
| rocky 9 | freeradius | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| rocky 9 | freeradius-devel | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| rocky 9 | freeradius-doc | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| rocky 9 | freeradius-krb5 | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| rocky 9 | freeradius-ldap | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| rocky 9 | freeradius-utils | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| rocky 9 | krb5-devel | 1.21.1-4.el9_5 |
| rocky 9 | krb5-libs | 1.21.1-4.el9_5 |
| rocky 9 | krb5-pkinit | 1.21.1-4.el9_5 |
| rocky 9 | krb5-server | 1.21.1-4.el9_5 |
| rocky 9 | krb5-server-ldap | 1.21.1-4.el9_5 |
| rocky 9 | krb5-workstation | 1.21.1-4.el9_5 |
| rocky 9 | libkadm5 | 1.21.1-4.el9_5 |
| rocky 9 | python3-freeradius | 3.0.21-40.el9_4 |
| seal Red Hat 8 | krb5 | 1.18.2-14.0.1.el8+sp999, 1.18.2-30.el8_10+sp999 |
| seal Red Hat 8 | seal-krb5 | 1.18.2-14.0.1.el8+sp999, 1.18.2-30.el8_10+sp999 |
| ubuntu 16.04-ESM | krb5 | 1.13.2+dfsg-5ubuntu2.2+esm6 |
| ubuntu 18.04-ESM | freeradius | no fix listed |
| ubuntu 18.04-ESM | krb5 | 1.16-2ubuntu0.4+esm3 |
| ubuntu 20.04 | freeradius | 3.0.20+dfsg-3ubuntu0.4 |
| ubuntu 20.04 | krb5 | 1.17-6ubuntu4.8 |
| ubuntu 20.04-ESM | freeradius | 3.0.20+dfsg-3ubuntu0.4 |
| ubuntu 20.04-ESM | krb5 | 1.17-6ubuntu4.8 |
| ubuntu 22.04 | freeradius | 3.0.26~dfsg~git20220223.1.00ed0241fa-0ubuntu3.3 |
| ubuntu 22.04 | krb5 | 1.19.2-2ubuntu0.5 |
| ubuntu 24.04 | freeradius | 3.2.5+dfsg-3~ubuntu24.04.1 |
| ubuntu 24.04 | krb5 | 1.20.1-6ubuntu2.3 |
| ubuntu 24.10 | krb5 | 1.21.3-3ubuntu0.1 |
| ubuntu 25.04 | krb5 | 1.21.3-4ubuntu1 |
| ubuntu 25.10 | krb5 | 1.21.3-4ubuntu1 |
| ubuntu 26.04 | krb5 | 1.21.3-4ubuntu1 |
| ubuntu 26.10 | krb5 | 1.21.3-4ubuntu1 |
References
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/07/09/4
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:9474
- https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2024-3596
- https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2263240
- https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2263240
- https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-364175.html
- https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-723487.html
- https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-770770.html
All 29 references
- https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-794185.html
- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2024-3596
- https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-radext-deprecating-radius/
- https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2865
- https://errata.almalinux.org/9/ALSA-2024-9474.html
- https://errata.rockylinux.org/RLSA-2024:9474
- https://kb.cert.org/vince/comm/case/1515/
- https://linux.oracle.com/cve/CVE-2024-3596.html
- https://linux.oracle.com/errata/ELSA-2024-9474.html
- https://networkradius.com/assets/pdf/radius_and_md5_collisions.pdf
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-3596
- https://psirt.global.sonicwall.com/vuln-detail/SNWLID-2024-0014
- https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20240822-0001/
- https://today.ucsd.edu/story/computer-scientists-discover-vulnerabilities-in-a-popular-security-protocol
- https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-7055-1
- https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-7257-1
- https://w1.fi/security/2024-1/hostapd-and-radius-protocol-forgery-attacks.txt
- https://www.blastradius.fail/
- https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-3596
- https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/456537